NANOTECH INNOVATIONS

Nanotechnology is different than conventional technology that we see. Conventional technology does not use application of various procedures and properties which require a huge research. Nanotechnology is something different, something that can be invented and refined over a period of time. It also means it is something that differentiates the world within us and shows a new way of life. Application of nanotechnology is done in so many ways for better living. There are manipulating matter of different kinds on an atomic scale is known as nanotechnology. It is also called as nanotech which is the short form. Apart from procedures and properties it mainly deals between structural sizes of 1 to 100 nanometers. So small that it is impossible for the human eye to view such objects. Works on nanotech is mainly done with the use of microscope and special lenses. These lenses are designed to deliver high end performance. They can scan objects which cannot be seen by the human eye.

Use of nanotech can be done to create new applications in the field of medicine, energy production, electronics and biomaterials. This is the bright side of the coin when it comes to nanotech. New inventions will give the human various options in leading a good and healthy life. Yes, we have sort of progressed in the field of extreme science, new elements are discovered which provide an alternate route for high end living. Then there is the other side of the coin which says that nanotech can end the human life. Various applications like nuclear warfare, weapons and other harmful substances make use of nanotech. Environment impact on nanotechnology is huge and has very bad effects. It has the capacity to destroy the heaven in which we are living at the moment. Toxicity present is very high which is not at all suitable for the environment.

Nanotechnology can therefore be defined in lay mans language as a technology that can characterize the future according to its uses. Human is always in the pursuit of creativity, he is never satisfied neither happy with what he has. To accomplish his needs, soon nanotechnology will be put to use. In that use the quality depends and its meaning, it nanotech is in wrong hands then the sufferer will be the human and no one else. But yes, a tremendous growth can be welcomed if its in right hands. Every country will be soon developed and poverty will be erased.

For all the following methods it must be noticed that during the composite Processing, detestable dispersions of Carbon Nanotubes are obtained and it is very critical to prevent reaggregation after the initial dispersion has been achieved. This is less of an issue when surface modified tubes are employed, Since the dispersion is stabilized by short-range repulsion potentials due to either charge or satiric effects. However, as it is well known from colloidal science, that long-term stability is a real challenge. When dispersion is achieved using pristine tubes, no specific stabilization mechanisms are present and reaggregation rate depends on the viscosity of the suspending medium. The only practical method to prevent re-aggregation is by freezing the tubes in their position by either chemical cross linking of the matrix or by bringing the polymer below its glass transition temperature.



Perhaps the most common method for preparing CNT/polymer composites has been from solution, since it facilitates Nanotubes dispersion. Both organic solvents and water have been used to produce CNT/polymer composites. First, the Nanotubes are dispersed in the solvent via energetic agitation (magnetic or mechanic stirring, reflux or sonication). This step requires the employment of surface modified Nanotubes (either covalent or non-covalent) in order to achieve a metastable dispersion. Once the Nanotubes are dispersed in the solvent, the polymer, which was previously dissolved in the same solvent, is added to the dispersion so that the polymer chains intercalate between the tubes. The last step consists in removing the solvent by evaporation.



While solution processing is a valuable technique for both Nanotubes dispersion and composite formation, it is less suitable for industrial scale processes, where melt processing is preferred because of its speed and simplicity. In this case, the strategy consists in blending a molten thermoplastic with the Carbon Nanotubes in order to optimize the polymer-Nanotubes interactions and form a Nano composite. The polymer chains experience a dramatic loss of conformational entropy during the process. The proposed driving force for this mechanism is the important enthalpy contribution of the polymernanotube interactions during the blending step.

The usability and applicability of nanotechnology is wide-ranging. The principle of nanotechnology that allows man to manipulate the molecular structure of materials has also made it possible for new innovations to flourish. Today, nanotechnology has grown to such an extent that about a thousand products are being developed or manufactured in laboratories all around the world using the technology. Passive nano-materials are already available for the cosmetics and food industry. Carbon allotropes nano-materials are also being used for textile, food packaging, appliances and many other manufacturing sectors.

The building industry has also adopted the use of nano-materials for surface and protective coatings products, using what is called "surface functionalized nano-materials." Nano-particles like dodecanethiol functionalized gold particles have unique surface chemistries that can be controlled. Their adhesion properties can be changed. Nano-powders can be dispersed to polymers and protective coatings. When these nano-materials are combined with coatings and applied to target surfaces, they change the surface properties and make it more resistant to UV rays, typical corrosion, and many types of damages.


Nanotechnology Innovation: Protective Super-Paints

The coatings industry is stepping up the production of nanotechnology products. Just last year, an Italian paint manufacturer developed superpolymers and protective coatings based on a patented nanotechnology. The results are anti-corrosive fire-resistant super-paints based on nano-clay composites. Nano-clay is a material that has outstanding barrier properties and is very cost-efficient in its application. The anti-corrosive coatings will soon be in the market this 2010.

Many other anti-corrosion formulations based on nano-materials are also used in the construction and underwater industries. Heavy machinery painting applications often require the best performance in protective coatings. In the oil extraction and energy generation industries, nano-tech protective coatings that are resistant to fluctuating and extreme temperatures are also being used.


Excellent Surface Protection with Nanotechnology

In terms of surface protection, nanotechnology is often used to formulate nano-scale coatings that make the target surfaces high-performing and resistant to damages.

The Diamon Fusion nanotechnology is one good example of this technological advancement. Theirs is a patented technology to manufacture capped silicone films. Using a patented chemical vapor deposition process, the technique is employed to silicon-dioxide-based surfaces. These coatings are also effective on glass, ceramic, granite or porcelain surfaces. The technology involves a two-stage chemical process. The first stage creates cross-linked films in silica-treated surfaces. The second stage caps the surface. The coatings thereby increase the surface' ability to repel water intrusion. Aside from this unique waterproofing property, the protective coatings can also provide the surface with good resistance against surface contaminants. In essence, the protective coatings imbue the surface with easy self-cleaning abilities.

Diamon Fusion coatings are applied in an air-tight room using a vapor deposition system for high-volume and batch applications. It can also be hand-applied as a liquid product to smaller projects. Whatever method of application was used, the coatings act in the same way. They create cross-linked and branched, capped silicone films in the surface. The final film is clear-colored and seals the surface tightly. The bond formed by the chemical process is unbreakable from then on.

Nanotechnology, a branch of Nanoscience, is the latest craze among academia, media, and all other kinds of industry. Nanotechnology can be vital even for investors who have realized its advantage . Nanotechnology is also becoming an increasingly interesting area in the field of the law as well. Due to Nanotech huge law documents can be shrunk into the size of a sugar cube.

Here is a summary of the nanotechnology. This review is beneficial for those who are not well versed with this new development, but wish to understand more about it. Nanoscience and Nanotechnologys primary area of work, purpose or "oomph", is in sections like electronics, optoelectronics, materials sciences and biomedical. Like it has been mentioned above, a few other fields including law and government bodies are can also advantage from Nanotech. Nanotech in biomedical is exceptionally substantial as it can be used in removing diseases, repairing organs, or even allowing organs to perform much superior . It will also be beneficial in detecting cancerous tumors soon, when they have just affected a few cells. Now we shall perceive the use to Nanotech in defense backgrounds. With the use of Nanotechnology a wounded soldier's injuries can be repaired faster. A soldier's reflexes can be made faster with Nanotechnology.

Basically, Nanotechnology is the skill to control atoms and molecules to form structures, to be used in the actual world. This can also be applied to packaging. With this science it is possible to carry materials with improved functionality and durability. Nanotech will provide more hardness for aluminum. Therefore a soda can will be more fortified due to this technology. Nanotech will furnish superior fortification to items with carbon fibers. This technology will also better flame defiance for plastics made of "Nanoclay". The gas-barrier attribute of the Nanoclay, which is widely used in packaging films, helps to produce superior oxygen barriers. Nanotechnology can also be used to track the products throughout the supply chain.

Experts predict that Nanocomposites will be beneficial for supply better, strong and flexible solutions for every sector. The use of Nanotechnology in food and beverage packaging will certainly produce revolutionary waves in the industry. We can definitely wish it will allow us to get that last bit of juice out of that small pack while we are relaxing at the ballpark!!!

There are some merits of using Nanotechnology. Nanotech has been useful in inspiring mass production. The most effectual merit of Nanotech is that it produces substances at truly cheaper price . Productions and creations done using Nanotech keeps the levels of pollution under control. Now we must glance at the demerits of this technology. Like everything else can be produced faster and easily with Nanotech, it can also develop injurious weapons very soon. Excessive Nanotechnology entering into the brain and blood streams could cause harmful diseases as the particles are actually little . Nanotechnology will pose crucial threats for traditional labor intensive markets. This can hence enlarge the economic break .

The use of Nanotechnology illustrates a lot of pledge in this speedy paced new world. It will greatly better every characteristic of the sector, in which it is applied. However, these improvements are many years away. Time will surely prove the worth of Nanotechnology.

A large hotel that comprises hundreds of suites is bound to have an equally large number of washrooms and bathrooms. In the hospitality industry, where maintaining top notch hygiene and cleanliness is crucial, the maintenance of shower enclosures is no exception. With the presence of a large number of bathrooms in mid and large sized hotels, nanotechnology-based coatings can tremendously reduce time and money spent on cleaning and maintaining bath enclosures.

Nanotechnology has been used in multiple applications the world and has forced us to challenge our traditional beliefs in science. In the recent times, this technology has shown encouraging results in increasing the durability of glass, granite, ceramics and porcelain etc. Let's take a look at how this technology can be used in enhancing the durability of bathing enclosures:
*When shower enclosures are treated with special coatings, they show better resistance to stains. This makes the enclosures look as good as new for an extended period of time.
*Protective coatings help the surface gain immunity against scratches, bruises and marks. This makes the surface look glossy and naturally, it looks clean.
*These coatings are scientifically developed and hence they bind with the surface for life. These coatings do not chip off or fade away easily.
* Since shower enclosures are subjected to different temperatures, lots of water, chemicals contained in soap and shampoo, they tend to get stained easily. But with the special coating, all these hassles are eliminated.
*These coatings also cut out the need for expensive cleaning solutions and chemicals. All you need is a mild detergent and some water to wipe the glass surface clean. Your hotel staff saves a lot of time and they can be engaged in other productive tasks.
*Extended dampness sometimes leads to the growth of fungi on the surface of the glass enclosures. But with special coatings, water does not stay on the surface. In fact, it can be likened to Teflon coating for utensils.

Nanotechnology coating for bath enclosures is an environment friendly and scientific process. So you can be satisfied about doing your bit for the environment. With the right kind of protective coatings, you can get more value for money and also keep the bathrooms in your hotel looking new for years. This means that you are also freed of recurring costs such as replacement of the glass, ceramics or porcelain fittings.
In the hospitality industry, these shower enclosures can be custom ordered and when ordering in bulk, one can also avail of some sizeable discounts from manufacturers.

Nanotechnology is an evolving technology that has influenced a large number of industrial segments and is set to play a pivotal role in various industry segments in the coming years. The technology has proven its significance in todays cut-throat competitive world. The economic activity generated from nanotech has been high in magnitude and wide in scope. According to our research report, Nanotechnology Market Forecast to 2013, nanotechnology-based products are anticipated to have a huge impact on nearly all-industrial sectors and will enter the consumer market in large quantities.

The convergence of nanotechnology and biotechnology has given rise to biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Usage of nanotechnology in biomedical sciences refers to the formation of material and devices to act together with the body at sub-cellular scales, however with a higher specificity degree. This technology can be useful in targeting cellular and tissue-specific clinical applications to obtain maximum therapeutic effects with very less or negligible bad-effects.

As the applications of nanotechnology in biomedical sciences represents several revolutionary opportunities to deal with complicated diseases (all kinds of cancer, cardiac, and neurodegenerative disorders, infection, etc), the market will witness stupendous growth in near future. Usage of nanoparticles in biomedical sciences posted a year-on-year growth of over 37% in 2009 . The segment is expected to close at US$ 750 Million by 2013, equating to a CAGR of over 30% since 2010. The report also reveals that, at the regional level, the US is the most prominent market and accounts for an estimated share of around 35% of the global nanotechnology market.

Our report, Nanotechnology Market Forecast to 2013, is a comprehensive research report conducted prudently with quality research and in-depth analysis, and integrates authentic statistics of the global nanotechnology market. In this report, our team of analysts have studied the emerging market trends, recent developments, and their impact on the market along with an in-depth analysis of nanotechnology patents. It is anticipated to facilitate clients with an integrated information on leading-edge opportunities, prospective customer base, key players, expected future outlook, and all other factors critical to the success of a new entrant in the global nanotechnology market. Overall, Overall, the report offers a comprehensive analysis of each and every aspect of the nanotechnology market.

Nanotechnology has opened the windows to a whole new world of protective coatings for innumerable materials. In fact, several traditional coating methods have now been replaced with this cutting-edge technology that works at the molecular level. Nanotechnology-based protective coatings are becoming popular because they are not only long-lasting, but also scratch-proof. In older methods, the protective coating had to often be sprayed by another layer of coating in order to give it a scratch-free attribute.

But when you are using Nanotechnology , all of these disadvantages are eliminated. This technology has also made in-roads into our daily life. For instance, shower enclosuresare increasingly benefiting from such technology as they need protective coating.

Let's consider the need and advantages of coating bath enclosures:
*Bath enclosures tend to remain damp and moist for a fair part of their lives. Often, you have seen that the paint on these enclosures peels off because of excess moisture and the metal underneath is exposed to air. This leads to corrosion and rapid degeneration. But using nano-technology based coatings are a much more efficient as well as cost effective alternative to the traditional paint or plastic-based coatings.
*Cleaning shower enclosures is an important part of maintaining them in good condition. However, with excessive use of detergent and scrub pads to rid the enclosures of stains and marks, one often hastens the deterioration process. In such a scenario, using nano-technology based protective coatings ensure that the the enclosure can be cleaned with a soft damp cloth. Just a few gentle swipes with a cloth and you have a clean and sparkling enclosure.
*A bath enclosure is a place where detergents, soaps, shampoos and other chemical-based bathing products are used. All of these materials have a negative impact on the quality of the framing of the enclosure over a long period of time. If you compare a nano-technology coated shower enclosure, you shall realize that there is no such impact. For one, such coatings are not easily affected by chemicals and secondly they can be regularly cleaned by investing just two-three minutes every day. In effect, this adds to their life span.
*Looks are rather important when it comes to shower enclosures. Most of us invest a lot of money in getting our interiors made according to our tastes and liking. Our bathrooms are no exception. Hence, it is important to have a protective coating that is durable and effective but without compromising on the looks. Nano-technology based coatings fit this bill rather perfectly. They look classy and go well with modern as well as classic looking interiors. Hence, they are a preferred material for an increasing number of architects and interior decorators.
Keeping all these aspects in mind, using nanotechnology in bath enclosures is a very profitable choice to make.

Nanotechnology or nanotech as the name indicates is the science of controlling of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Today, the use of this technology has facilitated for a profound change in the economy and has made our lifestyle much easier. This technology is growing at a rapid pace as newer and newer researches are being conducted on its usability.

In fact, today you would find this nanotechnology being used in every facet of our lives. This include sectors like the electronic, magnetic and optoelectronic, biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, energy, magnetic recording tapes, sunscreens, chemical-mechanical polishing, automotive catalyst supports, electro-conductive coatings optical fibers and many more.

You would even find their use in structures like shower enclosures and coatings for protection of valuable surfaces. These protective coatings for easier cleaning of glass surfaces are very effective and are being used for residential, commercial and industrial areas. They are also popular in protective and glare-reducing coatings for eyeglasses and cars. It has been found that nanotechnology can be effectively applied to clean surfaces for getting rid of unwanted oil, water, dirt, grime, bacteria and other contaminants. It also goes a long way to make the surface resistant to scratch and other hazardous impact. And, thus in the recent years it is being used extensively as surface protection, restoration or maintenance solutions. Additionally, these coatings for ultra coatings also increase the life of the object by working as a guard.

Most of the residential and commercial places today have shower enclosures that utilize nanotech, so that you get hassle free cleaning solutions. In fact with these enclosures, you can just get them cleaned by splashing normal water. No need to use heavy detergents or harsh cleaning agents.

Nanotechnology has taken over our lives like no other. It can accomplish tasks which were hitherto impossible or quite daunting using other conventional methods. In fact, so relevant has nanotechnology become today that the Federal Government has established a program named The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). Though there are many critics of this technology yet, if used in a justified manner it would surely indicate the herald of new technology usage in commercial products.

The popularity of nanotechnology has facilitated for service providers that are available online. Smart consumers always opt to go online for the multiple benefits it offers. Apart from availing excellent services right from the comforts of your home, you can also save your valuable time and money. So just log online and enjoy long term benefits!

Nanotechnology emerged by the implementation of nanoscience-which is the science of building materials and devices using single atoms and molecules .Thus knowledge and understanding of behavior and phenomena of the nanoscale world is nanoscience and when we study, observe, experiment and build materials from the individual atoms and molecules(nanoscale things)we come up with a technology termed as nanotechnology.

It has been already been observed that everything is made up of molecules which in turn are made up of atoms, now customization at these levels to get a useful product is what nanotechnology is helping us achieve.


WHAT ACTUALLY IS NANOTECHNOLOGY ALL ABOUT?

Nanotechnology has been understood by different scientists in different way and so we can have many definition if this technology by all intimately means to say only one thing that nanotechnology is really a boon and a gift which can be utilized in different field to given tremendous results .Nanoscience is an interdisciplinary subject and is used in many field for creating tremendous results

In early years When K. Eric Drexler popularized the word nanotechnology, he was talking about building machines on the scale of molecules, a few nanometers widemotors, robot arms, and even whole computers, far smaller than a cell. Thus nanotechnology evolution was also categorized in four generations viz-Passive nanostructures, Active Nanostructures, Systems of nanosystems and Molecular nanostructures.



The prefix nano in both science and technology refers to the unit of 10-9 which means really small. It has been observed in research that at nanoscale (10-9m),the physical, chemical & biological properties of material differ in fundamental and valuable ways from the properties of individual atoms and molecules of bulk matter. Materials at nanoscale can behave very differently from when they are in larger form. Nanomaterials can be stronger or lighter, or conduct heat or electricity in a different way. Moreover, by changing just the molecular structure of a material it is even possible to control fundamental properties of materials like their melting temperature, magnetic properties, charge capacity and even colors without changing their chemical compositions; particles of gold can appear red or blue, depending on their size. Building something out of these materials is difficult but have tremendous results. Although nonmaterial processes occur at the nano scale level but the objects and result scan be much larger.


APPLICATION AREAS OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES-

Nanotechnology is not just a concept of material science but it has implementations of physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, mechanical and electrical engineering. Nanotechnology is distinguished by its interdisciplinary nature. Lot of work has already been done in nanotechnology field and there is tremendous scope for this technology in future. Scientists have already applied this technology in various fields and it holds many inventions for future. Let us have a look what all nanotechnology has in its shell.

Natural nanotechnology- Nanotechnology appears naturally without intervention of human beings. For e.g.-Chloroplast in plant cells.
Nanotechnology in IT & Electronics-Nanotechnology has proved to be a miracle in these fields as it is used in miniaturization of devices in the semiconductor industry. This technology holds major implications in the field of computers. For e.g.-Nanochips in computers .Nanotechnology offers the tools to understand / transform the silicon technology. It is the major reason of improvement in display screens and electronic devices. (Replacements of CRT by electron-producing Carbon Nanotubes).High resolution Recordable Compact Discs (CD-R) with progressive scans are built with nanotechnology that displays the best in picture quality. And only because of nanotechnology, nonvolatile random access memory cards have been designed that are almost 10 times better as compared to similarly sized regular RAM. Wireless laser mouse have also been designed with nanotechnology. This mouse is perfect for medical offices, libraries, and schools as well as for mobile professionals, gamers, and desktop users. As there is nano coating in the mouse it contains antimicrobial properties, which protect the mouse from bacteria.[4]Nano robotics, is the technology of creating machines at or close to microscopic scale of nanometers. Researchers all over the world are working to come up with the best designs to actually build these nanocomputers(DNA & Quantum computers). Demand for better surface finish and accuracy has been increasing rapidly in recent years. Nano - surface finish has become an important parameter in the semiconductor industry.

Chemical Nanotechnology- It is not a new field as many chemical processes use it. Chemical catalysts coating, alloys, abrasives and glues are typical examples chemical nanotechnology.
Nanobiotechnology & Biomedical nanotechnology- This technology studies element exists in nature to produce new devices. In life sciences this technology is used in nanocells e.g.: Globblebot- an artificial white blood cell. It is used in biomedicines, diagnosis & therapy of cancer. For e.g.-Nanotubes,nano medicines and nanogels. Tiny machines(nano robots) in your body can be used to cure cancer as cancer cells can be killed without painful side effects of chemotherapy. Thus we can now destroy tumors without killing healthy cells at the same time. Using nanotechnology in biometric sensors for medical therapies is now possible only because of nanotechnology. Carbon tubes are already helping to deliver drugs. Scientists have microscopic robots floating in our blood streams fighting against cancer cells, AIDS HIV virus, genetic disorders or even ageing. Nanotechnology has revolutionise the pharmaceutical industry by changing the ways drugs are produced and delivered.

Nanotechnology In space There is a tremendous improvement in shuttles & Satellites using Nano satellites -Biosensors (as a solution to Columbia shuttle tragedy & Fabrication to space shuttle material that can withstand 1000 degree centigrade.)Nano foods (food which can be preserved without refrigeration & protection from bacteria and diseases),Space suites and Space Elevator Climbing the Sky -Ultra high strength materials allow tower to be built into space ! is only a new step of nanotechnology.

Nanotechnology and Defense-Nanotechnology is now being used in defense to make more secure, lighter and accurate sensors. It is a promise from nanotechnology that the weapons will improve as the conventional material can be replaced with more rigid & lighter material using this technology.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MARKET-TODAY AND PROMISES FOR TOMMORROW

Currently more than 370 products on the market are utilizing nanotechnology. These range from car tires and sports equipment to electronics, clothing with stain-resistant fibers and cosmetics.

Nanotechnology is used in - The cars we drive, The food we eat, the clothes we wear-there are jackets available in the market which will keep us cool in summers and warm in winters, The sunscreens we use-which use nano sized zinc oxide particles to absorb and reflect UV rays which makes lotions transparent and smooth and non-sticky which will therefore make it more appealing to the consumer. We have Anti-ageing creams and the food shortly will be available that contain chemicals which are said to prevent wrinkles by promoting skin cell regrowth, Nano health supplements are also available -such as antioxidants. In sports, nanotechnology is used in Tennis balls, which are coated with nano sized material which make them more lighter and bouncy as molecular barrier is formed by the tiny particles that trap air molecules making the balls extra bouncy. Self-cleaning windows will be in the market soon, which are coated with a material, which has unique chemical properties. When the sun shines on these windows, a chemical reaction is triggered which breaks down dirt. Rain, instead of forming droplets, will spread evenly over the panel and wash away the broken down dirt. (as they are photocatalytic and hydrophilic).We have Washing Machines available e.g. Samsung Silver care which exhibits bacterial growth on the clothes it washes. Contact lenses are being developed that let you check your blood sugar by looking in a mirror. Intelligent nano coating for windows will serve as protector that reflect solar heat in the summer and transmit it in winter. Automobiles fuel lines are available in the market which are made up of carbon nano tubes which inhibits static electricity and reduce the risk of explosion.

In future you might be reading on electronic folded paper, according to an American Scientists, build from thousands of Carbon nanotubes. Researchers all over the world are working to come up with the best practices and results using this amazing technology and making our daily lives easy and interesting. Additional applications are underway in the areas of medical diagnostics and treatment, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, environmental protection (transformation of wastage into useful products), energy production, storage and lightning, manufacturing and product design.

Scientists believe that it is possible to build supercomputers that can replicate human brains or to develop nanotechnology that can lead to an implantable chip for interfacing with neurons and other types of cellular networks.


Nanotechnology has contributed towards the betterment of human lives and the environment as reduction in production of waste as now it is not impossible to have devices that can convert house hold waste into fresh food, diamond rings or antique works of art. Thus a pollution free environment can be created

RISKS OF THE BOON-A CONTROVERSAL ISSUE!!

We have already seen the benefits of nano structuring. But to fully utilize these materials we should be cautious while using and a defined framework should be used to maximize the potentials of nanotechnology. Due to the high surface area the reactivity of the materials, get increased which can create risks to the health and environment. Ultra fine particals can catalyze chemical reactions in the body. Carbon nanotubes can cause infections-gallium & arsenic is used in it, which could prove toxic.They could easily cross blood brain barrier(a membrane that protects the brain from harmful chemical in blood stream. Changes in proteins due to the presence of nano particles in the blood stream could trigger dangerous effects like blood clotting.)

Apart from the health risks we have the risks associated with our social environment also like Grey-goo scenario proposed by Eric Drexler, where a synthetic nano-size device replaces all organic material. This scenario specifies that there will Two Races of People-as the people who use nano technology products such as cosmetics etc. will feel superior to those who are not using it.Is this scenario good for the society. Apart from this fact we should observe a question -Are More powerful weapons good ? and What about the manufacturing jobs?

We don't have answers to these questions, but several organizations are urging nanoscientists to consider these implications now, before it becomes too late.

Whether we actually need to answer all of these questions is a matter of debate. Many experts think that concerns like Grey goo and Trans-humans are at best premature, and probably unnecessary. Even so, nanotechnology will definitely continue to impact us as we learn more about the enormous potential of the nanoscale and nano-stucturing.

CONCLUSION

It can be said very confidently that nanotechnology is considered as the key technology of the 21st century. It has offered and will offer many solutions to many current problems by means of smaller, lighter, faster and better performing materials, components and systems. Nanotechnology has opened up new market opportunities and has also made essential contributions to environmental and health protection. Nanotechnology with all its challenges and opportunities will become a part of our future. Besides all risks and confusions, the researchers are optimistic for the products based upon this technology.

In the recent past, nanotechnology has brought about some drastic yet innovative changes in almost every sector across the world. It all started when the world discovered nano-science, an arena that deals with the concept of building various objects using just single atoms or molecules. The implementation of nano-science is giving path breaking results in multi-disciplinary fields.

It was in the 1980s that Eric Drexler introduced this term to the world. He stressed on the fact that machines could be built on the scale of molecules (that are just a few nanometers in width and length). While this concept was met with cynicism earlier, it gradually became accepted as a feasible branch of science. In the United States, a National Nanotechnology Initiative was set up especially to fund ongoing research and innovation in this arena. According to the Initiative, nanotechnology is defined as anything smaller than 100 nanometers with novel properties.

This technology comprises physics, material science and many other science disciplines. Interestingly, this technology has also been used extensively in the medical field in the recent past. In fabrication as well, this technology has found a use it can be used for deep ultraviolet lithography, electron beam lithography, atomic and molecular layer disposition. This technology deals with structures that are sized between 1 to 100 nanometers (at least in one direction). It has the ability to construct items starting from the bottom and moving upward to create high-performance products. For instance, in the field of medicine, researchers have found that nanoparticles which are the size of molecules can be directly delivered to the affected cells in the body.
Even in the case of electronics, this technology can be used to make ultra light weight as well as doubly durable manufacturing materials. In aerospace, this could reduce the amount of fuel required for spaceships and aircrafts. Food technology is also undergoing a sea change because of the advent of Nanotechnology . Nanomaterials can replace conventional food. These can be consumed in small quantities but will release high of energy once absorbed by our body.
Owing to the versatility of this kind of technology, it is being used as a protective coating for different kinds of materials ranging from glass to metals to plastics among many others. These very attributes make this technology best suited for other activities such as cleaning operations for shower enclosures

These enclosures need to be cleaned well because hard water deposits on them tend to look very unaesthetic. Scrubbing might lead to scratches and marks which cannot be undone. Hence, coated glass enclosures require relatively less maintenance because just a splash of water will clean the surface.

This is what has made this technology so popular across different industries. A simple search on the internet will introduce you to the many innovative uses of nanotechnology.